More than half of Brazil's power generation already comes from hydro plants, but it has been five years since the industry finished its last major dam - the controversial Belo Monte complex in the northern state of Para.

Venezuela and Russia have discussed nuclear energy cooperation in the past, with a civil nuclear cooperation agreement signed in October 2010 providing for the construction of two 1200 MWe reactors and a research reactor to produce radioisotopes.

On October 18, the US Treasury suspended certain sanctions measures on nVenezuela’s oil and gas sector operations.

We estimate Venezuela’s external debt stands at around US$167 billion. The majority is from the sovereign at US$107 billion, with PDVSA adding US$59 billion and ELECAR another US$1 billion. 21% is arrears due to missed interest payments.

India, the world's third biggest oil importer and consumer, ships over 80% of its oil needs from overseas and wants to cut its crude import bill.

However, there are growing signs of a thaw in relations between the Biden administration and Caracas, with the sides holding talks to explore temporarily lifting sanctions to encourage Venezuela to hold competitive presidential elections next year.

The reactor complex will allow Bolivia to conduct fundamental and applied scientific research, which will support development of a number of economic sectors, including the lithium industry.

While South Africa and Russia back the addition of new members, India is wary of the group becoming a mouthpiece for China, and Brazil is worried about alienating the West.

This is Rosatom’s first long-term contract with Brazil for the supply of enriched uranium products in the history opening access to the largest market for uranium products in the Latin American region.

Russia and Brazil already have ties in the nuclear energy field with an MoU signed in 2017 by Rosatom and Brazil’s Electrobras and Electonuclear to promote cooperation in nuclear power.

“We are working together with Rosatom to successfully complete the implementation of the first and second stages of construction. The constructed facilities have advanced high-tech equipment,” said Ortesia Jimenez.

Global LNG export capacity has increased by 29%, or 14.0 Bcf/d, over the past five years (2017–21).

Brazil does not yet possess offshore wind capacities (but 20.8 GW for onshore wind in 2021) but several other offshore wind projects are currently planned in the country.

In July 2021, the Brazilian president signed into law the basic text of a bill allowing the privatisation of Eletrobras, following approvals of the text by the Chamber of Deputies in May 2021 and the Senate in June 2021.

The Portuguese energy group Galp has reached an agreement with SER Energia and Casa dos Ventos to acquire upon maturity up to 4.8 GW of solar and wind projects spread through nine Brazilian states.