"For example," said Grabchak, "a project for the construction of a Primorsky nuclear power plant is being worked out today." He did not give any further details, but said that President Vladimir Putin had instructed officials to update plans for both nuclear and hydro development by the end of this year.

Known as ROSA-N, the new model was developed by scientists in Rosatom's Proryv (Breakthrough) project, which works towards deployment of fast reactors and a closed nuclear fuel cycle.

Among the reasons given by respondents in favour of nuclear energy were the energy independence of France (53%, up from 46% in 2019) and the low cost of electricity (30%).

Speaking to the conference on 13 October, Putin said, "Russia will take practical action to ensure the carbon neutrality of its economy, and we have set a specific benchmark: no later than 2060."

Rosatom is implementing a project to build a plant for the production of hydrogen from natural gas in the Sakhalin Region. It is expected that the production volume will be from 30,000 to 100,000 tons a year.

Germany is increasing the carbon emissions of its energy system by stepping out of nuclear power. And this at a time when the decarbonisation of the electricity industry is the main strategy for effectively achieving an energy system with net-zero emissions.

Poland, which generates 70% of its electricity from coal, has plans to build several nuclear power reactors to greatly reduce its reliance on the most carbon-intensive fossil fuel and meet climate goals,

Key global challenges such as climate change need to be addressed in an integrated, systemic and inclusive manner, and partnerships facilitate comprehensive and sustainable solutions bridging the gap between research and policy impact.

Climate change is the greatest environmental challenge of our time. If the world is to meet the agreed climate goals within the available time frame, we need mature, readily deployable solutions. Nuclear technology and applications contribute to tackling climate change.

Nuclear energy is safe and innovative. For more than 60 years, the European nuclear industry has proven its reliability and safety. It is one of the most regulated sectors in the world, with 126 reactors in operation in 14 European countries.

In December 2020, the UK government published its Energy White Paper, which identified nuclear power as a way to help the country achieve the four-fold increase in clean electricity generation needed to achieve its net-zero target by 2050.

The Arizona project, which is led by PNW Hydrogen LLC, will progress DOE's H2@Scale multi-sector clean hydrogen initiative and help it to reach its Hydrogen Shot goal to reduce the cost of clean hydrogen by 80% to USD1 per kilogram within a decade,

Global reactor capacity would need to increase threefold by 2050 to meet global net-zero emission targets.

This paper sets out the UK Government’s strategy to move from a fusion science superpower to a fusion industry superpower.

While coal played a major role in the development of the modern world, it is also the primary reason behind climate change: according to 2019 data from the International Energy Agency (IEA), coal burning is responsible for more than 40 per cent of global carbon emissions and more than 75 per cent of emissions from electricity generation.