Treasury imposed sanctions on Moscow-based Maritime Assistance LLC, which it called a front company for Russian shipping company, Sovfracht, which has been subject to US sanctions since September 2016 for operating in Crimea. Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine in March 2014, a move which is not recognized by most of the international community.

Russia exported 248 billion cubic meters (bcm) in 2018, mostly via pipeline to Europe. In the next decade, its liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports will almost triple to 68 bcm as the Yamal LNG project reaches full capacity and Arctic 2 LNG comes online (plus two smaller projects).

"Роснефть" является инвестором в нефтегазовый сектор Венесуэлы и являлась таковым задолго до введения санкций США против Венесуэлы.

"Western sanctions have helped deepen Russia-China energy links as Chinese entities have emerged as a source of capital, which in turn has facilitated Chinese financing of the Yamal LNG project as well as the conclusion of the Power of Siberia pipeline," Dr Michal Meidan, director of the China Energy Program at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, said.

David Koch, the industrialist and libertarian who used his fortune to transform American politics while also donating more than $1 billion to philanthropic causes, has died. He was 79.

Rosneft, which produces around five percent of the world’s oil, is now taking care of shipping and marketing operations for the bulk of Venezuelan oil exports, ensuring that PDVSA can continue to supply buyers.

Rosneft last week asked buyers to use the euro as the default currency for the first time in a spot tender to sell naphtha

The US is set to impose sanctions on Rosneft if it continues to trade crude oil and fuel with Venezuela's PDVSA in exchange for debt repayments and stakes in joint venture projects in the South American nation,

The bill would sanction vessels that lay Russian energy export pipelines at least 100 feet below sea level.

Флагманским проектом российско-германского сотрудничества является “Северный поток-2”, его реализация продолжается несмотря на противодействие отдельных стран и возможные риски,

Флагманским проектом российско-турецкого сотрудничества, по словам главы Минэнерго России, является строящийся газопровод “Турецкий поток”.

Iran and Russia already have a deal whereby Iran sells 100,000 b/d of crude oil to Russia and receives 50% of the value in cash and 50% in equipment.

Gazprom's 10-year transit deal with Ukraine's Naftogaz expires on December 31 this year, with some in the European gas market becoming increasingly concerned that there could be disruption to Russian gas flows via Ukraine as a result.

Nord Stream 2, a 760-mile (1,225-km) pipeline project to ship gas from Russia under the Baltic Sea to Germany, would double the capacity of the existing Nord Stream pipeline and has divided the European Union.

The German Economy Ministry has taken note of the threat of U.S. sanctions being placed on the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline project, a spokeswoman said on Wednesday, adding that Berlin rejected sanctions that have extraterritorial effect.